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Pinus parviflora ‘Glauca’, commonly known as the Japanese White Pine, is an elegant evergreen conifer prized for its striking blue-green foliage, graceful form and year-round ornamental appeal. Native to Japan, this beautiful pine develops a naturally picturesque shape, often forming an open, irregular crown with gently twisting branches that create a distinctive Japanese garden character.

The soft, slender needles are arranged in clusters of five and have a silvery-blue appearance, giving the tree a cool, refined colour that provides excellent contrast against darker evergreens or lush green planting schemes. In spring, attractive purple-blue cones may appear, adding further seasonal interest. With age, the bark develops attractive grey tones and a rugged texture, enhancing its mature, sculptural appearance.

Growing at a slow to moderate rate, Pinus parviflora ‘Glauca’ is an excellent choice where space is limited or where a specimen tree with strong architectural qualities is required. It typically reaches around 4–6 metres in height over many years, although its final size depends on growing conditions and pruning. It responds well to careful training and is often used for Niwaki-style pruning, making it a popular choice for formal Japanese gardens, courtyards and contemporary landscapes.

This Japanese White Pine prefers a sunny, open position in free-draining soil and is particularly suited to lighter, sandy or loamy soils. Once established, it is relatively drought tolerant and requires little maintenance, although young trees benefit from regular watering during dry periods. It is generally hardy throughout the UK and tolerates exposed positions, provided the soil does not remain waterlogged during winter.

Pinus parviflora ‘Glauca’ makes a superb focal point as a specimen tree, either planted in a lawn, gravel garden or among other architectural plants. Its elegant silhouette, evergreen foliage and slow-growing nature make it a long-lasting and highly desirable addition to both traditional and modern gardens.

Pinus leucodermis 'Malinki' is a cultivar of the whitebark pine species, native to the mountains of the western United States and Canada. This slow-growing evergreen tree is prized for its attractive appearance and hardiness, making it an excellent choice for landscaping and ornamental purposes. The 'Malinki' cultivar is particularly desirable for its unique blue-green needles and compact growth habit, making it ideal for smaller gardens or as a feature in a mixed border. The needles are twisted and grow in clusters of five, adding texture and interest to the tree's appearance. It typically reaches a mature height of around 15 to 20 feet, with a spread of 10 to 15 feet. In addition to its aesthetic appeal, Pinus leucodermis 'Malinki' is also known for its resilience and ability to withstand harsh growing conditions. It is drought-tolerant and able to grow in a wide range of soil types, from sandy to heavy clay. It is also relatively disease-resistant, making it a low-maintenance option for gardeners.

Abies koreana 'Kohout's Ice Breaker' is a slow-growing, dwarf, compact, dense, rounded, evergreen shrub, eventually growing into a small, pyramidal tree, with short, stubby, radial branches and strongly curled, glossy, dark green needles, with silvery undersides, creating beautiful shimmering, silvery-blue effect. Abies koreana 'Kohout's Ice Breaker' prefers growing in humus-rich, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun. It doesn’t like too dry or waterlogged soils. It can withstand frost and wind, but needs to be sheltered from harsh winds. Generally, disease-free. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require any pruning. More resistant to heat and humidity than most firs but still grows best in cooler climates. Abies koreana 'Kohout's Ice Breaker' is an easy to grow and easy to care for wonderful-looking shrub. It’s great for patios and perfect for small rock and gravel, informal, cottage, and urban gardens. Excellent for beds and borders and suitable for growing in pots and containers.

Pinus mugo 'Gnom' is a small, compact, dense, slow-growing, mound-forming, coniferous, evergreen shrub with neat and rounded habit, needle-like, jade-green leaves, and green to brown cones appearing in late summer.

Pinus mugo 'Gnom' is not fussy about the soil type and can grow well in any type of soil, loamy, sandy, clay or chalky, as long as it is well-drained. It thrives in full sun. Once established, it is tolerant of drought and heat, very adaptable to coastal conditions. Extremely resistant to frost and can withstand wind, therefore, suitable for exposed positions.

It can withstand urban pollution. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Dwarf mountain pine 'Gnom' is a lovely, neat, evergreen shrub, ideal for coastal and rock and gravel gardens, but also suitable for informal, cottage, and urban gardens. Excellent for cities and industrial areas. Great for growing in containers on patios and roof gardens. Nice when combined with taller shrubs and surrounded with white pebbles.

Pinus densiflora 'Jane Kluis' is an excellent choice for gardeners seeking a low-maintenance, compact, and visually striking evergreen for small spaces or focal points. This dwarf cultivar of Japanese red pine matures slowly, typically reaching 5 to 7 feet in both height and width, making it ideal for foundation plantings, rock gardens, and conifer collections. Its flat-topped, spreading habit provides year-round architectural interest, especially with its corky, textured branches and bright green, stiff needles that radiate outward in attractive clusters.

'Jane Kluis' tolerates cold winters and thriving in full sun. It prefers well-drained soils and, once established, is fairly drought-tolerant, making it suitable for xeriscaping or low-water landscapes. The plant resists deer and pests, contributing to its low-maintenance appeal.

This pine's sculptural form and vivid coloration bring four-season interest to any garden. It pairs well with other conifers, heathers, or dwarf shrubs and can even be pruned to enhance its bonsai-like qualities. Whether used as a specimen plant or grouped for texture, 'Jane Kluis' brings elegance and structure to diverse garden styles.

Pinus pinaster, commonly known as the Maritime Pine, is a striking evergreen conifer well suited to larger gardens, particularly in coastal or exposed locations. Native to southern Europe, it is valued for its toughness, fast growth and distinctive rugged character.

Maritime Pine develops a tall trunk with a broad, irregular crown as it matures. Its long, deep green needles create a textured canopy that moves attractively in the wind, while the thick, fissured bark becomes richly coloured with age, adding visual interest throughout the year. Large cones form on the branches and can remain on the tree for several seasons.

This species thrives in full sun and prefers well-drained soils, performing particularly well in sandy or poorer ground where many other trees struggle. It is highly tolerant of wind and salt-laden air, making it an excellent choice for coastal gardens or exposed rural settings.

Because of its eventual size, Maritime Pine is best used as a specimen tree or part of a naturalistic landscape planting. It provides height, structure and year-round greenery, creating a bold focal point while also contributing to shelter and habitat within the garden environment.

Pinus mugo 'Gnom' is a small, compact, dense, slow-growing, mound-forming, coniferous, evergreen shrub with neat and rounded habit, needle-like, jade-green leaves, and green to brown cones appearing in late summer. Pinus mugo 'Gnom' is not fussy about the soil type and can grow well in any type of soil, loamy, sandy, clay or chalky, as long as it is well-drained. It thrives in full sun. Once established, it is tolerant of drought and heat, very adaptable to coastal conditions. Extremely resistant to frost and can withstand wind, therefore, suitable for exposed positions. It can withstand urban pollution. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Dwarf mountain pine 'Gnom' is a lovely, neat, evergreen shrub, ideal for coastal and rock and gravel gardens, but also suitable for informal, cottage, and urban gardens. Excellent for cities and industrial areas. Great for growing in containers on patios and roof gardens. Nice when combined with taller shrubs and surrounded with white pebbles.

Pinus mugo 'Krauskopf' is a dwarf cultivar of the Pinus mugo species, also known as the mountain pine or mugo pine. This particular cultivar is prized for its unique appearance, slow growth, and compact size, which make it an excellent choice for small gardens, rockeries, or as a specimen plant.

The 'Krauskopf' cultivar is characterized by its dense, irregularly-shaped crown and twisted, contorted branches. The needles are dark green and slightly twisted, typically measuring around 1 to 2 inches long. The branches tend to grow in a somewhat horizontal fashion, creating a slightly rounded or mounded form.

The Pinus mugo 'Krauskopf' is a slow-growing cultivar, typically reaching heights of 2 to 4 feet and a similar spread when mature. This makes it a suitable choice for limited spaces or in combination with other dwarf or slow-growing plants. It is quite hardy and adaptable, capable of growing in a range of soil types and tolerating varying moisture levels, though it prefers well-draining soil and full sun.

Like other pines, Pinus mugo 'Krauskopf' has cones that develop on the branches. The cones are small, measuring around 1 to 2 inches in length, and have a reddish-brown color when mature. The tree is known to be relatively low maintenance, requiring minimal pruning and care once established.

In landscape design, Pinus mugo 'Krauskopf' can be used as a focal point in a garden, a border plant, or grouped with other dwarf conifers to create a unique and attractive display. Its compact size and slow growth make it an ideal choice for container gardening or bonsai culture as well.

Pinus mugo 'Ophir' is a dwarf cultivar of the mountain pine, Pinus mugo. It is a slow-growing, coniferous evergreen shrub that typically reaches a height of 2-3 feet and a spread of 4-5 feet at maturity. Its compact and rounded form, with bright golden-yellow foliage, makes it an excellent choice for rock gardens, container plantings, and low borders. The needles of Pinus mugo 'Ophir' are short and twisted, measuring about 1-2 inches long. They emerge in spring as a vibrant golden-yellow colour, which gradually fades to a soft green in summer. The bark of the plant is a dark brown color with a slightly rough texture, adding to its ornamental value. This cultivar is very hardy and can withstand harsh winter conditions, making it an ideal choice for cold climates. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soils that are slightly acidic. Once established, it is drought tolerant and requires minimal maintenance.

Abies koreana, commonly known as the Korean fir, is a striking, compact evergreen conifer native to the mountainous regions of South Korea. It is prized for its dense, upward-growing branches, dark green needles with shimmering silvery undersides, and distinctive purple-blue cones that often appear even on young trees, adding year-round ornamental appeal. This slow-growing species typically reaches a mature height of 6 to 12 metres, making it ideal for smaller gardens or as a feature tree in larger landscapes.

At Arundel Arboretum, our Korean firs have been lovingly pot-grown from seed, ensuring strong root development and careful cultivation from the very beginning. This method promotes healthier, more resilient trees that are well-suited for successful transplanting into a variety of garden settings. Grown with expertise and attention to detail, our Abies koreana trees offer not only exceptional beauty but also the assurance of quality and care from seed to sale.

Pinus wallichiana, commonly known as the Bhutan Pine, is a majestic and elegant evergreen conifer well suited to large gardens, parklands, and naturalistic landscapes. Native to the Himalayas, it is admired for its graceful, conical form, long soft blue-green needles, and layered, slightly pendulous branches, which give it a serene and ornamental presence throughout the year.

Bhutan Pine thrives in full sun and prefers well-drained soil, although it is adaptable to a variety of soil types, including sandy or moderately poor ground. It is hardy once established, tolerating cold winters and exposed positions, making it a reliable choice for temperate climates. Its growth habit is upright but relaxed, and mature trees develop a broad, elegant crown that adds structure and vertical interest to the garden.

This pine works particularly well as a specimen tree where it can be fully appreciated, or as part of a woodland-style planting scheme. Its soft, cascading foliage allows dappled light beneath, creating a tranquil, airy atmosphere. With minimal maintenance, strong architectural form, and year-round ornamental appeal, Bhutan Pine provides a striking focal point and a sense of timeless serenity in spacious garden landscapes.

Cornus kousa 'Beni-fuji' is a captivating cultivar of the Japanese dogwood, admired for its stunning seasonal display and manageable size, making it a versatile addition to gardens large and small. This deciduous small tree or large shrub is native to East Asia, where it thrives in woodlands and temperate climates. 'Beni-fuji' is celebrated for its graceful form, vibrant foliage, and striking flowers.

In late spring to early summer, the tree showcases an impressive display of star-shaped bracts that surround its small, inconspicuous green flowers. These bracts, a hallmark of Cornus kousa, emerge in shades of pink to rosy red, deepening as they mature. The blooms sit atop horizontal branches, creating a layered, tiered effect that adds structural elegance to its appearance.

As the seasons progress, 'Beni-fuji' transforms further. By late summer, the tree produces small, strawberry-like fruits, which are edible and can attract birds to the garden. In autumn, its foliage takes centre stage, turning rich shades of crimson, orange, and scarlet, providing a final burst of colour before winter dormancy.

This cultivar prefers well-drained, fertile soil and thrives in full sun to partial shade, making it relatively easy to accommodate in a range of garden settings. It has a compact growth habit, typically reaching a height of 3-4 metres, making it suitable for smaller gardens or as a specimen plant in borders.

Cornus kousa 'Beni-fuji' is not only ornamental but also resilient, tolerating a range of soil types and proving relatively disease-resistant. Its year-round appeal—flowering in summer, fruiting in autumn, and showcasing vibrant foliage—ensures its popularity among gardeners seeking a dynamic and visually rewarding plant for their landscape.

Pinus densiflora 'Low Glow' is a dwarf, slow-growing cultivar of the Japanese red pine. This evergreen conifer typically grows to a height of 2-3 feet (60-90 cm) with a spread of 4-5 feet (1.2-1.5 m) over a period of 10 years. The plant has a compact, dense, and spreading habit with a flat-topped crown.

The needles of 'Low Glow' are dark green, stiff, and twisted, and grow in bundles of two. They are typically 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long and have a somewhat coarse texture. In the fall, the needles take on a rich golden-yellow color before dropping off.

The tree produces cones that are small and round, measuring about 1 inch (2.5 cm) in diameter. The cones are typically a reddish-brown color and persist on the tree for several years.

'Low Glow' is an excellent choice for small gardens, rock gardens, or as a specimen plant in a container. It is also suitable for bonsai and other small-scale horticultural applications. The plant is tolerant of a wide range of soil types, including clay, loam, and sand, and prefers a well-drained site with full sun exposure.

This cultivar is relatively low-maintenance and requires little pruning, making it an ideal choice for gardeners who want a fuss-free plant. It is also relatively drought-tolerant, although it will benefit from regular watering during periods of extended dryness.

In summary, Pinus densiflora 'Low Glow' is a compact, slow-growing evergreen conifer with a spreading habit and dark green, twisted needles. It produces small, round cones and is suitable for small-scale horticultural applications, including container gardening, rock gardens, and bonsai. This cultivar is low-maintenance and tolerant of a wide range of soil types and growing conditions.

Sciadopitys verticillata, commonly referred to as the Japanese umbrella pine, is a distinct and architecturally striking evergreen conifer. Native to Japan, this tree is prized for its unique appearance, featuring glossy, dark green needles that radiate around its branches resembling the spokes of an umbrella. The needles are thick and leathery, arranged in whorls that contribute to the plant’s dense, sculptural form.

Growing slowly, the Japanese umbrella pine eventually reaches an ultimate height of about 15-20 meters in the UK, making it a magnificent specimen tree in larger gardens. It thrives in moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soil and prefers a sheltered position to protect it from harsh winds. Partial shade to full sun is ideal for its growth.

In British gardens, Sciadopitys verticillata is often used as a focal point due to its rare and exotic appearance. Its resilience and year-round beauty also make it a popular choice for ornamental planting.

Pinus mugo 'March', commonly known as dwarf mountain pine, is a particularly hardy conifer, prized for its dense, lush needle-like foliage and compact, mounding growth habit. This variety of mountain pine achieves an ultimate height of approximately 1-1.2 metres, making it perfectly suited for smaller garden spaces and rockeries. Its vibrant green needles maintain their appeal throughout the year, offering a burst of colour even during the winter months.

Adaptable to a wide range of climates, Pinus mugo 'March' is suited to UK conditions and thrives in RHS Hardiness Ratings of H7, indicating it can withstand harsh winter temperatures. It favours well-drained soil and is drought-tolerant once established, making it an excellent choice for water-wise gardening. Its robust nature and low maintenance needs also make it ideal for urban gardens.

Frequently utilised in landscape designs as a foundational plant, border shrub, or part of a conifer collection, its sturdy form and evergreen characteristics provide ongoing interest and structure to any garden.

Pinus parviflora ‘Schoon’s’ is a beautiful and highly sought-after variety of Japanese White Pine, prized for its elegant form, attractive foliage and suitability for both traditional and contemporary gardens. Originating from Japan, this refined evergreen pine develops a naturally graceful habit, with twisting branches and soft, blue-green needles that are held in delicate clusters of five. The fine-textured foliage gives the tree a light, airy appearance, making it an excellent choice where year-round structure and visual interest are required.

In the UK, ‘Schoon’s’ is particularly valued by enthusiasts of Japanese-style gardens and those looking to create a specimen tree with character. It responds exceptionally well to pruning and training, making it ideal for bonsai, niwaki (cloud-pruned garden trees), or simply as an architectural feature in a border, courtyard or gravel garden. With age, the bark develops an attractive rugged texture, adding further winter interest and a sense of maturity.

This slow-growing evergreen prefers a sunny, open position with free-draining soil. It is tolerant of a range of soil types, including slightly acidic to neutral soils, but dislikes heavy, waterlogged conditions. Once established, it is relatively drought tolerant, although young trees benefit from regular watering during dry spells, particularly when grown in containers. A sheltered position is beneficial in exposed areas, especially where cold winds may cause damage to the fine needles.

‘Schoon’s’ remains compact compared with many other pines, making it suitable for smaller gardens where a specimen tree is desired without excessive growth. Over many years it can develop into a highly sculptural tree, with a characterful silhouette that improves with age.

An excellent choice for collectors, Japanese-inspired planting schemes, rock gardens and formal landscapes, Pinus parviflora ‘Schoon’s’ offers year-round beauty, low maintenance and a timeless elegance that makes it a standout evergreen feature in the UK garden.

Pinus mugo 'Ophir' is a dwarf cultivar of the mountain pine, Pinus mugo. It is a slow-growing, coniferous evergreen shrub that typically reaches a height of 2-3 feet and a spread of 4-5 feet at maturity. Its compact and rounded form, with bright golden-yellow foliage, makes it an excellent choice for rock gardens, container plantings, and low borders.

The needles of Pinus mugo 'Ophir' are short and twisted, measuring about 1-2 inches long. They emerge in spring as a vibrant golden-yellow colour, which gradually fades to a soft green in summer. The bark of the plant is a dark brown color with a slightly rough texture, adding to its ornamental value. This cultivar is very hardy and can withstand harsh winter conditions, making it an ideal choice for cold climates. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-drained soils that are slightly acidic. Once established, it is drought tolerant and requires minimal maintenance.

Pinus parviflora 'Negishi' is a dwarf, compact, slow-growing, coniferous, evergreen shrub of upright, spreading habit, with short stems, stiff, slightly twisted, silvery-blue, needle-like leaves, clustered in groups of five. It produces attractive, small, ovoid, brown cones in autumn.

Pinus parviflora 'Negishi' will tolerate almost all soil types, chalky, clay, sandy, loamy, as long as they are well-drained. It thrives in neutral to acidic soil in full sun. It doesn’t cope well with humidity and heat, but can adapt to coastal conditions. It prefers cool summer climates. Very resistant to frost and low temperatures, as well as wind and exposed positions. Tolerant of urban pollution. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning.

Japanese white pine 'Negishi' is an attractive pine with interesting, architectural, irregular habit. It looks great in rock and gravel gardens, but is also suitable for cottage and urban gardens. Excellent as a specimen or accent plant, for beds and borders, and low hedges and screens. Suitable for growing in containers.

Pinus mugo 'Jacobsen', also known as Jacobsen Dwarf Pine, is a compact, slow-growing evergreen conifer that belongs to the Pinaceae family. This cultivar was first discovered by the Danish nurseryman, Mogens H. Jacobsen in the 1960s.

The Jacobsen Dwarf Pine is a small shrub or tree that typically reaches a height of 2-3 feet and a width of 3-5 feet when fully mature. It has a dense and bushy habit, with short and twisted needles that are arranged in pairs on the stems. The needles are dark green in color and measure about 1 inch in length.

This cultivar is known for its interesting bark, which is reddish-brown and develops shallow grooves as it ages. It also produces small, oval-shaped cones that are about 1 inch long and have a light brown color.

Jacobsen Dwarf Pine is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions, including poor, sandy, and acidic soils. It prefers full sun to partial shade and is generally drought-tolerant once established.

Because of its small size and slow growth rate, Jacobsen Dwarf Pine is an excellent choice for small gardens, rock gardens, and container plantings. It can also be used as a low-maintenance groundcover or as an accent plant in a mixed border.

In summary, Pinus mugo 'Jacobsen' is a compact and attractive evergreen conifer with twisted needles, interesting bark, and small cones. It is a hardy and versatile plant that can be used in a variety of garden settings and is particularly well-suited for small gardens and containers.

Pinus nigra 'Green Tower' is a narrow, upright, slow-growing, coniferous, evergreen tree of columnar habit, resembling “exclamation mark”, with long, thin, rich green needles and large, white buds in winter and early spring. Pinus nigra 'Green Tower' is not a fussy plant and can grow in any type of soil, loamy, sandy, clay or chalky, as long as it is well-drained. It thrives in fertile, loose, slightly acidic, well-drained soils in full sun. Once established, it is tolerant of drought, heat, and salt, ideal for coastal areas. Extremely resistant to frost and wind, therefore, suitable for exposed positions. It can withstand urban pollution. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Austrian pine 'Green Tower' is a very attractive, pillar-like tree that can fit to almost any small and tight garden. It looks perfect as a specimen or accent plant, as well as planted in groups. Great for hedges and screens, or as a windbreak. Suitable for growing in containers.