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Arbutus rubra is an evergreen tree of notable ornamental value, admired for its rich colouring, distinctive bark, and year-round interest. Typically medium-sized, it develops a rounded to spreading crown and a strong architectural presence, making it well suited to gardens, parks, and mild coastal landscapes.

The foliage of Arbutus rubra is one of its most striking features. The leaves are leathery, glossy, and deep green, often flushed with reddish tones when young. Elliptical in shape with finely serrated margins, they are held densely along the branches, contributing to the tree’s lush and robust appearance throughout the year. As an evergreen, it provides consistent structure even in winter months.

Its bark is particularly decorative. Smooth and richly coloured, it peels naturally in thin flakes, revealing layers of warm red, cinnamon, and copper beneath. This exfoliating habit gives the trunk and larger branches a textured, sculptural quality that becomes increasingly attractive with age.

Flowering typically occurs in autumn or early winter. Small, urn-shaped flowers appear in hanging clusters and are usually creamy white to pale pink. These blooms are attractive to pollinating insects and add subtle charm at a time when many plants are dormant. The flowers are followed by rounded fruits that gradually ripen to shades of red, enhancing the tree’s seasonal appeal and providing food for birds.

Arbutus rubra prefers well-drained soil and thrives in sheltered positions with full sun or light shade. Once established, it shows good tolerance to drought and coastal conditions. Its combination of colourful bark, evergreen foliage, delicate flowers, and ornamental fruit makes it a refined and enduring choice in temperate gardens.

Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigata’, or ‘Pyramidalis’, is a medium-sized, deciduous tree with a fluted smooth grey bark, narrowly upright, columnar growth habit, and a pyramidal shape. The leaves are ovate, serrated and ribbed, dark green in summer, coppery yellow in autumn. They remain on branches long into winter. This pyramidal variety has neater and denser form and more glossy leaves. Small flowers appear in catkins in spring before the leaves. Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigata’ is a low maintenance and easy to grow plant. It is satisfied with any type of soil, but prefers fertile, dry to moist, well-drained soil, in full sun or partial shade. It is generally disease-free and pest free. It can tolerate drought. Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigata’ is an excellent tree and a nice addition to any garden. It is great as a specimen plant or in a group. Because of its tolerance to pruning, it is perfect for hedges and privacy screens.

Pinus wallichiana, commonly known as the Bhutan Pine, is a majestic and elegant evergreen conifer well suited to large gardens, parklands, and naturalistic landscapes. Native to the Himalayas, it is admired for its graceful, conical form, long soft blue-green needles, and layered, slightly pendulous branches, which give it a serene and ornamental presence throughout the year.

Bhutan Pine thrives in full sun and prefers well-drained soil, although it is adaptable to a variety of soil types, including sandy or moderately poor ground. It is hardy once established, tolerating cold winters and exposed positions, making it a reliable choice for temperate climates. Its growth habit is upright but relaxed, and mature trees develop a broad, elegant crown that adds structure and vertical interest to the garden.

This pine works particularly well as a specimen tree where it can be fully appreciated, or as part of a woodland-style planting scheme. Its soft, cascading foliage allows dappled light beneath, creating a tranquil, airy atmosphere. With minimal maintenance, strong architectural form, and year-round ornamental appeal, Bhutan Pine provides a striking focal point and a sense of timeless serenity in spacious garden landscapes.

Thuja orientalis 'Aurea Nana' is a dwarf, compact, slow-growing, evergreen, coniferous tree of columnar to conical habit, with dense, flattened sprays of scale-like, golden-yellow foliage, and oval, female cones. The foliage may have a bronze tinge during the winter. Dwarf Golden Oriental Thuja can adapt to a wide range of soil conditions, but thrives in fertile, medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun. It hot summers, it appreciates some afternoon shade. It should not be overcrowded because it likes good air circulation. It is resistant to heat, but doesn’t tolerate winter as much as the species. It doesn’t have major pest or disease problems. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning but is tolerant of hard pruning. Thuja orientalis 'Aurea Nana' is a lovely, ornamental shrub, perfect as an accent plant in small informal, cottage, and urban gardens. Great for low hedges, foundation plantings, and shrub borders. Excellent in rock and gravel gardens.

Arbutus unedo multi-stem is an evergreen, ornamental, multi-stem, capriciously growing shrub or small tree with glossy, leathery, mid-green foliage. It is very unusual and stunning all year round. Clusters of fragrant, bell-shaped, white flowers bloom from autumn to mid-winter. Round, yellow fruits appear in winter and slowly become ripe in the next 12 months, gradually turning red. They are still on the tree when new flowers show up in autumn. A grey-brown bark peels, revealing cinnamon-colored inner bark. Arbutus unedo multi-stem grows slowly in a multi-stem form. It can grow in all kinds of soils and climate conditions, but prefers acidic, moist and well-drained soil, in full sun or partial shade. It is tolerant to drought, disease-free and pest-free. Very resilient. This unusual, colorful and very attractive plant is perfect as a specimen plant, great for shrub borders, hedges, coastal gardens, and for growing in containers.

Thuja occidentalis 'Smaragd' is a vigorous, compact, fast-growing, evergreen shrub of narrowly upright, pyramidal habit, with sprays of glossy, soft green, scale-like leaves. It retains its colour all year round, doesn’t turn bronze in winter. Thuja occidentalis 'Smaragd' grows well in a variety of soil and weather conditions. It prefers average, fertile, loamy, consistently moist, well-drained soils in full sun. In hot summer areas, it appreciates some afternoon shade. It is resistant to frost, heat, wind, and urban conditions. When young, it needs to be sheltered from drying winds. Generally, it doesn’t have serious insect or disease problems. It has great natural shape and doesn’t require pruning, but it can withstand heavy pruning as well. Thuja occidentalis 'Smaragd', with its narrow form and consistently rich colour of its evergreen foliage is a perfect choice for formal hedges and screens. Excellent as a specimen plant, for beds and borders, and wall-side borders. Suitable for growing in containers.

Morus alba, or White Mulberry, is a fast-growing, rounded, spreading, deciduous tree with simple, heart-shaped, veined, glossy dark green leaves, yellow in autumn. It is usually dioecious, but sometimes monoecious. Small, yellowish, inconspicuous flowers grow in dropping catkins and bloom in spring. Female flowers are followed by sweet, edible, blackberry-like fruits, white to dark-red or purple-black when ripe. White Mulberry can adapt to a wide range of soils but grows best in fertile, humus-rich, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun. Once established, it is tolerant of heat and drought. It is resistant to frost, but needs to be sheltered from harsh, dry winter winds. Generally, pest-free and disease-free. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. White Mulberry has been used in China for thousands of years as a primary food for silkworms that produce silk. It is suitable for growing in cottage gardens, fields and roadsides. Its fruit and bird droppings are very messy for urban areas.

Cornus kousa 'Milky Way' is a small deciduous tree that is a member of the dogwood family. It is prized for its stunning ornamental features, including its striking white blooms that appear in late spring or early summer, followed by its unique fruit that ripens in the fall. The 'Milky Way' cultivar is notable for its profuse, large, and showy flowers. The creamy-white blooms are star-shaped and feature four bracts, which surround a small, yellowish-green cluster of true flowers in the center. The tree's leaves are a glossy, deep green color and turn shades of red, orange, and purple in the fall, providing a colorful autumnal display. This variety is also known for its exceptional disease resistance, particularly against powdery mildew, a common fungal disease that affects many dogwood species. 'Milky Way' can reach a height of 20 to 30 feet with a spread of 15 to 20 feet at maturity. It prefers well-drained soil and partial to full sun exposure.

The Picea glauca ‘Perfecta’, commonly known as the dwarf white spruce, is a compact, slow-growing conifer prized for its neat, conical shape and silvery-green needles. A cultivar of the white spruce (Picea glauca), this tree is ideal for smaller gardens or as a feature in rockeries, borders, or containers due to its modest size. Typically growing to a height of 1.5 to 2 metres over many years, it maintains a tidy, dense form that requires little maintenance.

The needles of the Picea glauca ‘Perfecta’ are soft to the touch, bluish-green in colour, and create a shimmering effect in sunlight, adding a striking element to the garden landscape. Its branches are short and evenly spaced, enhancing the tree's symmetrical, pyramid-like appearance.

This tree is hardy and well-suited to the UK climate, tolerating cold winters and thriving in a range of soil types, provided the soil is well-drained. It prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Picea glauca ‘Perfecta’ is relatively low-maintenance, requiring minimal pruning, and it is also resistant to pests and diseases. Once established, it has moderate drought tolerance but benefits from regular watering during dry spells, especially when young.

One of its most appealing features is its year-round interest. As an evergreen, it provides structure and colour in the garden throughout all seasons, making it a popular choice for those seeking a focal point that doesn’t lose its charm in winter. Whether used as a standalone specimen or as part of a mixed border, the Picea glauca ‘Perfecta’ is an excellent choice for adding texture, form, and seasonal interest to small or medium-sized gardens in the UK.

Cryptomeria japonica ‘Tomahawk’ is an attractive evergreen conifer prized for its dense, bushy habit and distinctive, soft-textured foliage. It forms a naturally neat, upright plant, making it an excellent choice for adding year-round structure, screening and interest to the garden.

The foliage consists of short, slightly twisted needles arranged closely along the branches, creating a full and textured appearance. New growth emerges in fresh green shades, developing into a rich green as it matures. During colder weather, the foliage can take on attractive bronze or reddish tones, adding seasonal interest while remaining evergreen.

‘Tomahawk’ is particularly useful where a strong architectural evergreen is required without the stark appearance of some traditional conifers. It works well as a specimen plant, in mixed borders, woodland-style planting schemes or as part of an evergreen screen. Its dense growth also provides useful shelter for birds and other garden wildlife.

It is generally hardy throughout the UK and performs best in a sunny or partially shaded position with fertile, well-drained soil. Once established, it is relatively low maintenance and requires little pruning to retain its naturally attractive shape. It appreciates consistent moisture during its establishment period, particularly during prolonged dry spells.

With its compact, upright growth and attractive evergreen foliage, Cryptomeria japonica ‘Tomahawk’ is an excellent choice for gardeners looking for a reliable, year-round specimen with a softer appearance than many conventional conifers.

Crataegus laevigata 'Rosea Flore Pleno' is a small, highly ornamental, deciduous tree with rounded habit, thorny branches, and shallow, three-to-five-lobed, glossy green leaves that turn yellow and bronze in autumn. Masses of lovely, double pink flowers grouped in corymbs bloom in May and June creating a spectacular display. Blossoms are followed by bright red berries in autumn. Crataegus laevigata 'Rosea Flore Pleno' is not only beautiful, but tough and resilient. It is easily grown in any type of soil, as long as it is well-drained. It prefers full sun, but tolerates partial shade. It is adaptable to all kinds of growing conditions including coastal, exposed, or polluted. It needs to be sheltered from harsh winds. Low maintenance, doesn’t require much pruning. Crataegus laevig 'Rosea Flore Pleno' is a wonderful ornamental tree, perfect as a specimen plant in small, informal, or urban gardens. Suitable for coastal areas. Great for beds and borders, hedges and screens.

Sorbus commixta ‘Olympic Flame’ is a small, compact, deciduous tree of columnar habit, with dark green leaves with narrow leaflets, coppery bronze when young, and vibrant red and orange in autumn. The clusters of creamy-white flowers bloom in spring and are followed by glossy red berries in late summer and autumn, persisting on bare branches long into winter. Attractive to birds and bees. This Scarlet Japanese Rowan likes moderately fertile, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils, but is adaptable to a wide range of soil conditions, except waterlogged. It thrives in full sun to partial shade. It is resistant to frost, wind, and urban pollution. Low maintenance plant. Sorbus commixta ‘Olympic Flame’, with its fiery autumn foliage and attractive red berries, is a tough and beautiful ornamental tree, perfect for small, tight cottage, wildlife, and urban gardens. Great as a specimen plant or border tree, excellent for informal hedges and screens. Suitable for growing in containers on patios and roof gardens.

Cuprocyparis leylandii 'Gold Rider' is a golden variant of the popular Leyland Cypress. It’s a large, vigorous, fast-growing, coniferous, evergreen tree with narrowly upright habit and open, horizontal branches covered with bright-yellow tipped lime-green leaves.

Cuprocyparis leylandii thrives on a variety of soils, but prefers fertile, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun. It is resilient to frost, urban pollution and spray salt, therefore, suitable for growing in cities and in coastal areas. Generally, pest-free and disease-free.

Cuprocyparis leylandii 'Gold Rider' is one of the best golden conifers. Its beautiful colour does not fade or turn brown during winter but remains bright and fresh. Perfect for formal garden hedges. Very popular among gardeners because of its dense and fast-growing habit. Ideal for noise reduction, wind protection and for creating beautiful privacy screens. It can also be a nice specimen plant, but it must be regularly trimmed not to outgrow its space in small landscapes.

Gleditsia triacanthos Sunburst is a medium-sized, deciduous tree with a pyramidal, light, open, spreading crown and shiny, smooth, thornless, slightly arching, reddish to olive brown branches. The leaves are small, pinnate, feathery, golden yellow when sprouting, lime green in summer, and bright yellow in autumn. The clusters of white-yellow flowers bloom in May and June. There are no fruits, it’s a fruitless cultivar. Gleditsia triacanthos Sunburst is not a demanding plant and can grow in any type of soil, from heavy clay to limestone, as long as the soil is well-drained. It prefers full sun to partial shade and can withstand some wind exposure and urban pollution. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Generally, disease-free. Gleditsia triacanthos Sunburst is one of the most popular yellow-leaved ornamental trees. It is perfect as a specimen tree or accent plant in any garden. Since it is resistant to air pollution, great choice for urban areas – avenues, streets and city parks.

Pot grown from seed at Arundel Arboretum.

Sorbus aucuparia, or European Mountain Ash, is a vigorous, deciduous tree with oval, upright habit when young, rounded when mature and pinnate, serrated, dark green leaves, yellow, red, and purple in autumn. Flat-topped clusters of small, white flowers bloom in late spring and are followed by a profusion of bright orange-red berries. Attractive to birds and bees. European Mountain Ash prefers moderately fertile, humus-rich, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils, but is adaptable to various soil conditions, even poor and dry. It thrives in full sun to partial shade. It is resistant to frost and can withstand wind and short floods. Doesn’t like hot and humid summers. Very easy to grow, tolerant of urban pollution and exposed areas. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Sorbus aucuparia is an attractive ornamental tree, perfect for cool northern climates. Great for cottage, wildlife, and urban gardens. Excellent as a street tree. Suitable for growing in containers on patios and roof gardens.

Rowan, Sorbus aucuparia, or European Mountain Ash, is a vigorous, deciduous tree with oval, upright habit when young, rounded when mature and pinnate, serrated, dark green leaves, yellow, red, and purple in autumn. Flat-topped clusters of small, white flowers bloom in late spring and are followed by a profusion of bright orange-red berries. Attractive to birds and bees. European Mountain Ash prefers moderately fertile, humus-rich, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils, but is adaptable to various soil conditions, even poor and dry. It thrives in full sun to partial shade. It is resistant to frost and can withstand wind and short floods. Doesn’t like hot and humid summers. Very easy to grow, tolerant of urban pollution and exposed areas. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Sorbus aucuparia is an attractive ornamental tree, perfect for cool northern climates. Great for cottage, wildlife, and urban gardens. Excellent as a street tree. Suitable for growing in containers on patios and roof gardens.

Pot-grown trees establish quickly with minimal transplant shock, offer greater flexibility for planting throughout the year, and typically show more consistent early growth due to their well-developed, protected root systems.

Tsuga canadensis ‘Pendula’, commonly known as weeping Canadian hemlock, is a highly ornamental, evergreen conifer prized for its graceful, cascading form and soft, dark green needles. Its distinctive weeping branches create a flowing, layered appearance that adds elegance and movement to the garden. Ideal as a specimen plant, it brings structure and year-round interest to shady borders, woodland gardens, or sloped landscapes where its draping habit can be showcased.

This cultivar is slow-growing and can be trained or staked to achieve various shapes, including upright with drooping branches or a spreading, ground-hugging form. It typically grows 5 to 15 feet tall and wide, depending on training and space. 'Pendula' thrives in partial to full shade and prefers moist, well-drained, acidic soils. It is hardy and benefits from shelter against harsh wind or strong sun, which can scorch its foliage.

Low-maintenance and deer-resistant, it requires little pruning beyond shaping and responds well to thoughtful training. Tsuga canadensis ‘Pendula’ is an elegant, versatile choice for gardeners seeking a dramatic yet refined evergreen focal point in shaded or naturalistic garden settings.

Sorbus vilmorinii, or Vilmorin's Rowan, is a small, spreading, deciduous tree with flat, fern-like, pinnate green leaves, turning red and purple in autumn. Corymbs of small, creamy-white flowers bloom in spring and are followed by rose pink berries fading to white in autumn, and persisting on bare branches throughout the winter. Attractive to birds and bees. Vilmorin's Rowan is adaptable to a wide range of soils but prefers moderately fertile, humus-rich, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils. It thrives in full sun to partial shade. It is resistant to frost and wind and tolerant of exposed conditions, coastal conditions, and urban pollution. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require much pruning. Sorbus vilmorinii is a lovely, small, ornamental tree, perfect for small cottage, coastal and urban gardens. It is great as a specimen plant, for beds and borders, informal hedges and screens. Excellent for streets and avenues. Suitable for growing in containers.

Pinus banksiana 'Velda' is a unique and compact cultivar of the Jack pine, well-suited for a variety of garden settings, especially where space is limited. Its slow-growing, upright form and dense branching structure make it an excellent choice for rock gardens, small urban landscapes, or as a distinctive specimen in mixed conifer beds. Reaching a mature height of approximately 4 to 6 feet (1.2 to 1.8 meters) over many years, ‘Velda’ maintains a tidy, irregular habit that adds visual interest and character to the garden.

The plant’s dark green needles remain attractive throughout the year, providing evergreen structure and color, even in winter. It thrives in full sun and well-drained soils, showing adaptability to a range of poor or sandy soil conditions—a trait inherited from the species’ native habitat in North America. Additionally, ‘Velda’ is hardy making it suitable for colder climates.

With minimal maintenance needs and a distinctive, rugged charm, Pinus banksiana 'Velda' is an ideal choice for gardeners seeking a low-maintenance yet visually engaging conifer for naturalistic, alpine, or minimalist garden designs.

Sorbus aucuparia 'Sheerwater Seedling' is a decorative and hardy variety of rowan, or mountain ash tree, particularly noted for its profuse clusters of bright red berries and lush, pinnate, green leaves. Originating in Europe, this cultivar is recognized for its more compact and upright growth habit, making it suitable for smaller gardens or landscapes. It typically reaches heights of around 15 meters.

The 'Sheerwater Seedling' unfolds its beauty in every season. In spring, it brings forth dense clusters of creamy-white flowers, attracting a myriad of pollinators. As summer progresses, these flowers give way to vibrant, red berries, which become a primary food source for birds, especially in winter months. By autumn, the foliage turns into a fiery spectacle of oranges, reds, and yellows, creating a striking contrast with the bold berries.

Besides its aesthetic attributes, the 'Sheerwater Seedling' is valued for its adaptability and resilience. It thrives in a range of soil types, and its robust nature allows it to withstand urban pollution and harsh weather conditions. The resilience and prolific berry production make it a valuable addition to wildlife gardens, providing shelter and sustenance to various bird species and other fauna. Its attractive features and hardiness make it a popular choice for both ornamental and ecological plantings.