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Catalpa bungei, also known as the Chinese catalpa or the Manchurian catalpa, is a deciduous tree that is native to China and Korea. It is a medium-sized tree that can grow up to 40 feet tall and 30 feet wide.

The tree has a broad, spreading canopy with large, heart-shaped leaves that are up to 12 inches long and 8 inches wide. The leaves are dark green and glossy on top, and paler underneath. In the fall, the leaves turn a vibrant yellow before falling off.

Catalpa bungei produces beautiful, fragrant white flowers in the late spring or early summer. The flowers are trumpet-shaped and up to 2 inches wide. They are arranged in large clusters at the ends of the branches and attract bees and other pollinators.

After the flowers fade, the tree produces long, slender seed pods that are up to 20 inches long. The pods are cylindrical and contain numerous small, flat seeds.

Catalpa bungei is a hardy and adaptable tree that can grow in a wide range of soils and conditions. It prefers full sun to partial shade and moderate moisture. The tree is commonly used in landscaping and as a shade tree in parks and gardens.

Overall, Catalpa bungei is a beautiful and hardy tree that provides year-round interest with its large leaves, fragrant flowers, and interesting seed pods.

Amelanchier lamarckii is a deciduous shrub or small tree of upright habit and horizontally spreading branches, and toothed, elliptic leaves, bronze when they emerge, dark green when mature, and orange-red in autumn. Fragrant, white, 5-petal flowers in loose, dropping clusters bloom in spring and are followed by edible, sweet and juicy, dark purple berries in summer.

Amelanchier lamarckii can adapt to a wide range of soil conditions, but thrives in fertile, lime-free, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soils. It grows well in full sun and partial shade, but best fruit and autumn foliage are achieved in full sun. It is resistant to frost, de-icing slat, and wind. Tolerant of urban pollution. No serious pest or disease problems. Low maintenance plant. Snowy Mespilus is a lovely, elegant shrub, perfect for cottage, wildlife, and urban gardens. Excellent as a specimen, for shrub borders, wall-side borders, and informal hedges and screens. Suitable for growing in containers on patios and roof gardens.

Ginkgo biloba is known as a “living fossil”, one of the oldest tree species. It’s a large, long-lived, coniferous, deciduous tree with deeply grooved, grey-brown bark and thick, fan-shaped, bi-lobed, green leaves that turn yellow in autumn. Ginkgo has either male catkins or female single flowers on long stems. Female plants bear unpleasantly scented plum-like fruits, which are actually hard seeds with silvery yellow seed coats. Ginkgo biloba grows in a wide variety of soils, except too wet and waterlogged, but prefers average, medium moisture, sandy, well-drained soils, in full sun. Once established, it is tolerant of heat, salt, and urban pollution. Generally, disease-free and pest-free. Ginkgo biloba is a perfect specimen plant for large gardens. Great as a shade tree, lawn tree, or planted in espaliers. Very good for streets and parks. Slower-growing varieties are suitable for growing in containers. While young, the crown can be trimmed and trained as desired.

Photinia x fraseri 'Red Robin' is a New Zealand selection of Fraser's Photinia. It’s a large, evergreen shrub or small tree with leathery, oval, glossy, brilliant, bright red leaves when they emerge, and dark green after several weeks. Small, 5-petal, white flowers bloom in spring and are rarely followed by red fruits which can persist throughout winter. Spring pruning eliminates flowers and stimulates new red growth. Photinia x fraseri 'Red Robin' grows best in average, fertile, slightly acidic, medium moisture, well-drained soils, but is adaptable to a wide range of soils, except waterlogged and compact. Once established, it is resistant of frost and drought. Young leaves may be damaged by late frosts, therefore it should be sheltered, especially from harsh winds. Low maintenance plant. Photinia x fraseri 'Red Robin' is a very popular evergreen shrub, great as a specimen or accent plant, but perfect for hedges and screens, useful for noise reduction, or wind protection.

Juniperus 'Grey Owl' is a medium-sized, slow-growing, dense, compact, vigorous, coniferous, evergreen shrub of irregular, wide-spreading, broadly conical habit, horizontal branching and peeling, reddish-brown bark. Its silvery, blue-green, scale-like foliage turns brown-green in winter. Male and female trees grow separately, and female ones produce round, purple-blue, berry-like cones, covered with white wax, attractive to birds. Juniperus 'Grey Owl' can grow in wide range of soils and growing conditions, even swampy and rocky, but thrives in average, moist, well-drained soils, in sunny areas. It appreciates some shelter from the afternoon sun in warm climates. It is very resilient, tolerant of drought, heat, and cold. Low maintenance plant. Generally, pest-free and disease-free. Juniperus 'Grey Owl' is a great-looking, slow-growing and long-lived conifer, perfect for informal, cottage, and urban gardens. Great as a specimen plant, ground cover, or shrub border. Ideal for low hedges and screens. Wonderful when planted in masses.

Elaeagnus ebbingei Compacta is a compact, dense, fast-growing, evergreen shrub with colourful twigs and branches – colours range from orange-brown, honey to sandy yellow. Leathery, glossy dark green leaves have silver undersides. Flowers are small, creamy, inconspicuous, but have nice, sweet fragrance. They bloom from late summer to autumn and are followed by deep red, edible fruit. Elaeagnus ebbingei Compacta can grow in wide varieties of soils, as long as they are well-drained. It prefers average, medium moisture, well-drained soil, in full sun or partial shade. Once established, it can withstand drought, wind, and salt spray. In very cold climates, its shallow roots should be protected from frost. Generally, pest-free. Low maintenance. Elaeagnus ebbingei Compacta, with its compact habit and lovely silvery-green foliage, is a great addition to any garden – informal, cottage, urban or coastal. It is perfect as a background plant, for hedges and screens, in shrub borders, or planted in containers.

Malus Domestica 'Gala' is a popular apple cultivar known for its crisp, juicy, and sweet flavor. The Gala apple was first developed in New Zealand in the 1930s and has since become one of the most widely cultivated apples in the world.

The fruit has a distinctive red and yellow skin with a creamy white flesh. It is typically medium to large in size and has a slightly conical shape. The skin of the Gala apple is thin and delicate, making it easy to bite into and chew. The flesh is firm and juicy, with a pleasant balance of sweetness and tartness.

Gala apples are versatile and can be used in a variety of ways. They are delicious eaten raw as a snack, but can also be used for cooking, baking, or juicing. Due to their sweetness and low acidity, they are particularly well-suited for making applesauce and apple juice.

The tree itself is moderately vigorous and bears fruit early in the season. It is known for its high yields and consistent fruit quality, making it a popular choice for commercial growers. The Gala apple is also a good choice for backyard orchards, as it is relatively easy to grow and maintain.

Overall, the Malus Domestica 'Gala' is a delicious and versatile apple cultivar that is enjoyed by apple lovers around the world.

Cotinus coggygria 'Golden Spirit', commonly known as the Golden Spirit smokebush, is a deciduous shrub admired for its striking foliage and unique flowering. This cultivar stands out due to its vibrant golden-yellow leaves, which provide a dazzling display from spring through autumn.

In the spring, new leaves emerge in a bright lime-green hue, maturing to a rich golden-yellow as the season progresses. These leaves are oval-shaped with a slight waviness at the edges, adding texture and interest to the plant. During autumn, the foliage transforms again, taking on hues of orange, red, and purple, offering a spectacular end-of-season show.

The Golden Spirit smokebush grows to a height and spread of approximately 2.5 to 3 metres, making it an excellent choice for both small and large gardens. It thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers well-drained soil. Once established, it is relatively drought-tolerant, adding to its versatility in various garden settings.

One of the most captivating features of Cotinus coggygria 'Golden Spirit' is its airy, plume-like flower clusters that appear in early summer. These flowers, though individually insignificant, collectively form large, fluffy panicles resembling puffs of smoke, hence the common name "smokebush." The flowers are initially greenish-pink, fading to a soft beige as they age, and they add a whimsical, cloud-like quality to the shrub.

In addition to its aesthetic appeal, Golden Spirit is a low-maintenance plant. It requires minimal pruning—usually just the removal of any dead or damaged wood and an occasional thinning to maintain its shape and vigour. This shrub is also resistant to most pests and diseases, making it a reliable choice for gardeners.

Cuprocyparis leylandii is a hybrid of Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) and Nootka cypress (Cupressus nootkatensis). It’s a large, fast-growing, dense, evergreen conifer tree with upright, columnar to pyramidal, habit and spays of grey-green, citrus-scented foliage. The branches are slightly flattened and covered with sprays of green scale-like leaves. Dark brown cones bear sterile seeds. Cuprocyparis leylandii thrives on a variety of soils, but prefers fertile, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun. It is resilient to frost, urban pollution and spray salt, therefore, suitable for growing in cities and in coastal areas. Generally, pest-free and disease-free. Cuprocyparis leylandii is mostly used for formal garden hedges. It is very popular among gardeners because of its dense and fast-growing habit. Leylandii hedges are ideal for noise reduction, wind protection and for creating beautiful privacy screens. It can also be a nice specimen plant, but it must be regularly trimmed not to outgrow its space in small landscapes.

Morus alba 'Pendula', or Weeping White Mulberry is a small, female, deciduous tree of broad weeping, half-open crown, with pendulous, curtain-like branches touching the ground, heart-shaped, glossy, light green leaves, yellow in autumn, and inconspicuous, dropping catkins of small, yellowish flowers in spring. Flowers are followed by oval, edible, raspberry-like, deep pink fruits, attractive to birds, in autumn. Weeping White Mulberry prefers fertile, hummus-rich, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun, but can grow in a wide range of soils. It is tolerant of drought and heat. Resistant to frost, but should be sheltered from harsh, drying winds. It is generally, pest-free and disease-free. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require regular pruning. Morus alba 'Pendula' is a nice-looking, small tree of elegant weeping habit, great as a specimen plant or informal hedge or screen. It is not recommended to be planted near pavements and around homes because the fruits can make them stained and messy.

Wisteria floribunda ‘Multijugo’ is an exceptional choice for gardens seeking dramatic vertical interest and seasonal impact. Famous for producing some of the longest flower racemes of any wisteria, its cascading, violet-lilac blooms can reach impressive lengths, creating a breath taking display in late spring. The flowers are lightly fragrant and appear in abundance, often before the foliage has fully emerged, enhancing their visual effect.

This vigorous, deciduous climber is best suited to medium or large gardens where it has space to develop. It performs beautifully when trained over sturdy structures such as pergolas, arches, or along sunny walls. A strong support system is essential, as mature plants can become heavy over time.

Wisteria ‘Multijugo’ thrives in fertile, well-drained soil and prefers a sunny, sheltered position to encourage reliable flowering. Like all wisterias, it benefits from regular pruning twice a year to maintain shape, control size, and promote flowering spurs.

Once established, it is hardy and long-lived, making it a valuable investment for adding elegance, height, and a sense of romance to a thoughtfully designed garden space.

 

Pittosporum ‘Victoria’ is an upright, bushy, dense, evergreen shrub with small, elliptic, leathery, silvery-green leaves with irregular, wavy, white margins, tinged dark pink in winter. Small, fragrant, bell-shaped, dark purple flowers bloom in late spring and early summer and are followed by dark grey seed capsules.

Pittosporum ‘Victoria’ can grow in a wide variety of soils, but prefers fertile, moist, well-drained soils. It thrives in full sun and the best leaf colour is in full sun, but it can grow well in partial shade. Resistant to frost, but needs to be sheltered from harsh, drying winter winds. It is tolerant of coastal conditions and ideal for coastal areas. Tolerant of urban pollution. Generally, pest-free. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Tawhiwhi or Kohuhu 'Victoria' is a great ornamental shrub, very attractive and resilient. Suitable for coastal, urban, and cottage gardens. Excellent for beds and borders, wall-side borders, and trellises. Great for hedges and screens, and for growing in containers.

Pinus mugo ‘Gnom’ specimen bonsai tree is an excellent choice for adding year-round structure and character to a garden. This compact, slow-growing mountain pine naturally forms a dense, rounded habit, making it particularly well-suited to bonsai styling or as a statement specimen in containers and raised beds. Its short, dark green needles create a rich, textured appearance that contrasts beautifully with lighter foliage and flowering plants.

Highly adaptable, Pinus mugo ‘Gnom’ thrives in full sun and prefers well-drained soil, making it ideal for rock gardens, gravel landscapes, or alpine-themed planting schemes. Once established, it is notably hardy and tolerant of cold, wind, and exposed positions, performing reliably across the UK climate.

As a bonsai specimen, it offers strong architectural appeal, bringing a sense of maturity and tranquillity to outdoor spaces. It requires minimal maintenance beyond occasional pruning to maintain shape and encourage dense growth. Its resilience and compact size make it suitable for smaller gardens, patios, and terraces, where it can act as a focal point without overwhelming the space. Overall, it is a versatile, low-maintenance evergreen with enduring ornamental value.

Pinus mugo 'Carsten's Wintergold' is a lovely, small, compact, broadly globose, low-spreading shrub with short, green, needle-like leaves in spring and summer, and rich golden yellow in cold weather, and small, inconspicuous cones. It is one of the best “winter gold” pines.

Pinus mugo 'Carsten's Wintergold' can grow in most soil types, alkaline, sandy, loamy, sandy, or clay, as long as they are well-drained. It thrives in full sun. Once established, it is resistant to drought. It is tolerant of coastal conditions but its colour is most intense in colder climates. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. Dwarf mountain pine 'Carsten' is an exceptional shrub, perfect for brightening and adding colour to any cottage, urban, coastal, or rock garden. Excellent as a specimen or accent plant in small gardens. Great as a ground cover or for banks and slopes when planted in groups. Suitable for growing in containers.

Wisteria floribunda Macrobotrys is a long-lived, vigorous, clockwise twining, deciduous climber with large, pinnate, dark green leaves, bronze when young, brilliant yellow in autumn making it a spectacular choice for gardens where space and structure allow it to truly shine. Renowned for its exceptionally long, cascading racemes of fragrant lilac-purple flowers, it creates a dramatic focal point in late spring and early summer. This vigorous, deciduous climber is best suited to strong supports such as pergolas, arches, or sunny walls, where its trailing blooms can be fully appreciated.

It thrives in fertile, well-drained soil and prefers a sunny, sheltered position to encourage reliable flowering. Once established, it is hardy and relatively low maintenance, although regular pruning—typically twice a year—is essential to control its size and promote abundant blooms. Due to its vigorous growth, it is more suitable for medium to large gardens rather than small spaces.

Wisteria ‘Macrobotrys’ is ideal for adding height, romance, and seasonal interest, and can transform outdoor areas into elegant, shaded retreats. With proper care and training, it becomes a long-lived and highly rewarding feature plant in any well-planned garden.

Morus alba, or White Mulberry, is a fast-growing, rounded, spreading, deciduous tree with simple, heart-shaped, veined, glossy dark green leaves, yellow in autumn. It is usually dioecious, but sometimes monoecious. Small, yellowish, inconspicuous flowers grow in dropping catkins and bloom in spring. Female flowers are followed by sweet, edible, blackberry-like fruits, white to dark-red or purple-black when ripe. White Mulberry can adapt to a wide range of soils but grows best in fertile, humus-rich, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun. Once established, it is tolerant of heat and drought. It is resistant to frost, but needs to be sheltered from harsh, dry winter winds. Generally, pest-free and disease-free. Low maintenance plant, doesn’t require pruning. White Mulberry has been used in China for thousands of years as a primary food for silkworms that produce silk. It is suitable for growing in cottage gardens, fields and roadsides. Its fruit and bird droppings are very messy for urban areas.

Thuja occidentalis ‘Golden Globe’ is a small, dense, coniferous, evergreen shrub of rounded habit and flat sprays of golden yellow, scale-like leaves, slightly bronze-tinged in winter. Leaves have aromatic scent when crushed. It produces urn-shaped, reddish-brown cones that mature in autumn. Thuja occidentalis ‘Golden Globe’ is adaptable to many soil types, but grows best in average, loamy, medium moisture, well-drained soils. Doesn’t like dry conditions. It thrives in full sun and regions with high humidity. It can withstand direct summer sun exposure without sunburn, but will still appreciate some afternoon shade in hot summer climates. It is resistant to frost, but needs to be sheltered from harsh, drying winds. Low maintenance plant, it retains its globular shape without trimming. White Cedar 'Golden Globe' is a great shrub that can brighten up any cottage, woodland, urban, rock, and gravel garden. Excellent for beds and borders, foundation plantings, and low, informal hedges. Suitable for growing in containers.

Olea Europea is one of the world’s oldest cultivated plants with Mediterranean origin. It’s a wonderful, slow-growing, long-lived, evergreen tree of very attractive habit and spreading crown, with gnarled, twisted trunk and silvery foliage. The elliptic leaves are grey-green, silvery underneath. Tiny, fragrant, white flowers are followed by small, olive-rich, plum-like fruits, harvested when they are green or purple. Fruits are not edible directly from the tree, but after a special treatment. Common Olive grows best in fertile, loamy, moist, well-drained soils, in full sun, but can tolerate partial shade. Once established, it is drought-tolerant. It thrives in warm climates. If grown in colder areas, it should be planted in containers and brought inside during the winter. Generally, disease-free. Olea Europea is mostly grown for its tasteful fruits, but it is also an attractive-looking addition to urban, coastal, Mediterranean, or rock and gravel gardens. It is suitable for growing in pots and containers.

Photinia × fraseri ‘Red Robin’ is a popular evergreen shrub valued for its striking foliage, especially the fresh, coppery-red young leaves that age to glossy deep green. In a parachute shape, this cultivar forms a gracefully rounded, umbrella-like canopy with a central stem or supportive structure from which a dense mass of arching branches radiates. The new growth naturally fans outward and downward, creating a soft, parachute-like silhouette that adds architectural interest and year-round colour to any garden.

This distinctive form makes ‘Red Robin’ especially suitable as a specimen feature or focal point in borders, courtyards, and patio containers. Its evergreen nature ensures structure and visual appeal throughout the seasons, while the red flushes of spring and summer provide dynamic seasonal interest. Plant in full sun to partial shade for best leaf colour and strong, compact growth. Tolerant of a range of soil types, it prefers well-drained, fertile soil and benefits from regular watering in dry spells. Light pruning after flushes enhances the parachute shape and encourages fresh shoots.

Overall, the parachute form of Photinia × fraseri ‘Red Robin’ combines ornamental beauty with reliable garden performance, ideal for adding year-round structure and colour.

Alnus cordata, commonly known as the Italian alder, is a medium to large deciduous tree native to southern Italy and parts of Corsica. It belongs to the Betulaceae family and is highly valued for its ability to thrive in poor soils and challenging environmental conditions. This species is often planted for ornamental purposes, soil improvement, and as a windbreak due to its robust growth and adaptability.

The tree can reach heights of up to 25-30 metres (82-98 feet) with a trunk diameter of about 1 metre (3.3 feet). It has a relatively narrow, conical crown, which makes it an attractive choice for landscaping in urban and rural environments. The bark is smooth and greyish-brown when young, developing shallow fissures with age.

Alnus cordata is noted for its distinctive heart-shaped (cordate) leaves, which are bright green and glossy, measuring 7-12 cm in length. Unlike some other alders, the leaves of A. cordata remain on the tree until late autumn, giving it an extended season of greenery. In spring, it produces small, inconspicuous catkins, with male catkins being pendulous and yellowish, and female catkins more compact and upright. These develop into small, woody cones that persist on the tree through winter.

One of the key characteristics of Alnus cordata is its nitrogen-fixing ability. Like other alders, it forms a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium Frankia, which allows it to fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil. This quality makes it an excellent species for improving soil fertility, particularly in degraded or nutrient-poor areas.

Overall, the Italian alder is a resilient and versatile tree, well-suited to a variety of landscapes, including wet or compacted soils, and is an important species for ecological restoration projects.