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Picea abies, commonly known as the Norway spruce, is a prominent coniferous tree native to Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe. Recognisable by its tall, symmetrical shape and dense, evergreen foliage, it often reaches heights of 35–55 metres, with some specimens growing even taller under optimal conditions. The Norway spruce is widely planted in Europe and North America, not only for ornamental and landscaping purposes but also for timber production, given its straight grain and versatility. Its wood, known as "whitewood," is prized in the construction industry and is also used in the manufacture of paper and musical instruments.

The tree's bark is brown to reddish and scaly, becoming rougher as it ages. Its branches grow in horizontal layers, with pendulous branchlets giving the tree a slightly weeping appearance. Needles are dark green, pointed, and around 1–2 cm in length. Cones are one of its defining features, typically measuring 10–18 cm, with a cylindrical shape and rounded, overlapping scales that turn brown as they mature.

Picea abies is hardy, thriving in a range of climates and soil types, though it prefers well-drained, acidic soils and benefits from full sun. In colder climates, it is often cultivated as a Christmas tree due to its classic conical form and appealing fragrance. However, it requires ample space for its expansive root system, making it unsuitable for small gardens.

Ecologically, the Norway spruce plays an essential role in forest ecosystems, providing habitat and food for various wildlife species. 

Our spruce has been grown in a pot from seed right here at the Arundel Arboretum. 

Picea abies, commonly known as the Norway spruce, is a prominent coniferous tree native to Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe. Recognisable by its tall, symmetrical shape and dense, evergreen foliage, it often reaches heights of 35–55 metres, with some specimens growing even taller under optimal conditions. The Norway spruce is widely planted in Europe and North America, not only for ornamental and landscaping purposes but also for timber production, given its straight grain and versatility. Its wood, known as "whitewood," is prized in the construction industry and is also used in the manufacture of paper and musical instruments.

The tree's bark is brown to reddish and scaly, becoming rougher as it ages. Its branches grow in horizontal layers, with pendulous branchlets giving the tree a slightly weeping appearance. Needles are dark green, pointed, and around 1–2 cm in length. Cones are one of its defining features, typically measuring 10–18 cm, with a cylindrical shape and rounded, overlapping scales that turn brown as they mature.

Picea abies is hardy, thriving in a range of climates and soil types, though it prefers well-drained, acidic soils and benefits from full sun. In colder climates, it is often cultivated as a Christmas tree due to its classic conical form and appealing fragrance. However, it requires ample space for its expansive root system, making it unsuitable for small gardens.

Ecologically, the Norway spruce plays an essential role in forest ecosystems, providing habitat and food for various wildlife species. 

Clematis 'Early Sensation' is a charming evergreen climber that brings a touch of elegance and fresh fragrance to gardens and outdoor spaces. When trained on a cane, this compact variety creates a beautiful vertical display with its glossy, deep green foliage that remains vibrant year-round. In early spring, 'Early Sensation' lives up to its name by producing a profusion of delicate, white, bell-shaped flowers with subtle pale green centers. These fragrant blooms add a fresh and inviting atmosphere to patios, balconies, and garden borders. Ideal for canes, trellises, or decorative supports, this clematis thrives in well-drained soil and enjoys a sunny to partially shaded position. Its easy-care nature and early flowering make it a standout choice for creating seasonal interest and visual appeal.

Clematis × cartmanii ‘Joe’ is an excellent choice for gardeners seeking a compact, evergreen climber that offers both decorative foliage and charming early-season blooms. This variety is particularly suited to smaller gardens, patios, and courtyards due to its manageable size and tidy growth habit. Its finely divided, glossy green leaves provide year-round interest, while in early spring, it becomes covered in masses of creamy white, star-shaped flowers that brighten any space.

Clematis ‘Joe’ thrives in a sunny, sheltered position with well-drained soil. It is ideal for growing in containers, making it perfect for those with limited planting space. It can be trained to climb trellises, pergolas, or low walls, but also works beautifully when allowed to trail over raised beds or cascading from large pots. Due to its delicate stems and preference for milder conditions, it benefits from some protection from harsh winter winds and heavy frosts.

Overall, Clematis ‘Joe’ brings reliable structure and an elegant floral display to the garden, offering both versatility and beauty for various settings throughout the year.

Clematis 'Miss Bateman' is a distinctive and beloved variety of clematis, cherished by gardeners for its unique appearance and reliable performance. Its flowers are captivating: pristine white petals surround a striking green central bar, creating a luminous and refreshing contrast. These blossoms emerge in early summer and are medium-sized, typically reaching 6 to 8 inches across.

As a deciduous climber, Clematis 'Miss Bateman' loses its foliage in winter, but this also means it's adorned with fresh green leaves every spring, providing a vibrant backdrop for its white blossoms. Ideally suited for various garden settings, it enjoys both sun and partial shade, making it a versatile choice for planting alongside walls, fences, or trellises.

The growth habit of 'Miss Bateman' is notably compact compared to some other clematis varieties. It typically reaches heights of 6 to 8 feet, making it a fitting choice for smaller gardens or spaces where a more controlled growth is desired.

Its relatively restrained size, however, does not diminish its impact. In full bloom, this variety is an absolute showstopper, with clusters of radiant white flowers that seem to glow against their verdant backdrop. Elegant and timeless, Clematis 'Miss Bateman' is a jewel in the gardening world.

Clematis 'The President' is a quintessential garden gem that has been gracing gardens since its introduction in the late 19th century. This cultivar stands out with its vibrant, large-flowered blooms that are deep purple-blue in color. Each flower showcases six to eight velvety petals, which when unfurled, present a striking contrast to the plant's rich green foliage.

One of the admirable traits of 'The President' is its hardiness. This perennial vine is known to withstand various climatic conditions, making it a favored choice for gardens in diverse regions. In terms of size, the blooms can reach impressive diameters of up to 7 inches, creating a bold visual impact especially when the plant is in full bloom.

Beyond its stunning appearance, Clematis 'The President' offers a prolonged flowering period, typically from late spring to early fall, ensuring that gardeners and admirers get to enjoy its beauty for an extended time. With proper care, including a suitable trellis or support, this vine can reach heights of up to 10 feet. Pruning, although not always necessary, can help in maintaining its shape and stimulating new growth. Its enduring popularity is a testament to both its aesthetic appeal and robust performance in the garden landscape.

Clematis armandi 'Enham Star' is a vigorous, evergreen climber that brings a touch of elegance to any garden setting. When trained on a cane, this charming plant creates a vertical display of lush, glossy green foliage and abundant, star-shaped white flowers. Blooming in early spring, the fragrant blossoms fill the air with a delightful scent, attracting pollinators and adding seasonal interest. Ideal for trellises, pergolas, or decorative canes, 'Enham Star' provides year-round greenery and a burst of springtime beauty. This low-maintenance climber thrives in a sunny to partially shaded spot with well-drained soil. Its rapid growth and captivating blooms make it a perfect choice for adding height, fragrance, and charm to gardens, patios, and outdoor living spaces.

Clematis armandi 'Snowdrift' is a robust and elegant evergreen climber, perfect for adding vertical interest to gardens and outdoor spaces. When trained on a cane, this charming plant showcases glossy, dark green foliage that provides year-round appeal. In early spring, 'Snowdrift' bursts into bloom with an abundance of pure white, star-shaped flowers that emit a delicate, sweet fragrance. The cascading blooms create a breathtaking display, attracting pollinators and adding a fresh, clean aesthetic to trellises, pergolas, or decorative canes. This climber thrives in well-drained soil and enjoys a sunny to partially shaded position. Its vigorous growth, combined with low maintenance requirements, makes 'Snowdrift' an ideal choice for enhancing gardens, patios, or any outdoor living area with beauty and fragrance.

Clematis Boulevard 'Pompeii' emerges as a captivating variant in the diverse Clematis genus, instantly drawing attention with its vibrant red blooms. These flowers, reminiscent of the rich history of its namesake ancient city, exude an aura of fiery passion and vigor. Each petal paints a picture of nature's intense beauty, offering a delightful contrast to the green foliage surrounding it.

Unlike some of its sprawling cousins, 'Pompeii' boasts a compact growth habit, making it an ideal choice for those with limited garden space or a preference for container gardening. This feature ensures that even the smallest of patios or balconies can be graced with its resplendent presence. Despite its compact stature, 'Pompeii' is a hardy climber. Given a trellis or some form of support, it eagerly ascends, weaving a tapestry of red against any vertical structure.

A defining trait of the Clematis Boulevard 'Pompeii' is its ability to flower continuously, blessing gardeners with its vibrant display throughout the growing season. This, combined with its relatively low maintenance requirements, positions 'Pompeii' as a preferred choice for both novice and experienced gardeners. In summation, Clematis Boulevard 'Pompeii' represents a harmonious blend of aesthetic appeal and practicality, making it a must-have for any garden enthusiast.

Clematis Boulevard 'Yuan' stands out as a distinctive member of the Clematis family, celebrated for its ornamental allure. This flowering vine is admired for its prolific blooms that are often characterized by their graceful, delicate petals which can bring a touch of nature's elegance to any garden or landscape setting. With colors that can range from soft pastels to deeper hues, each bloom serves as a testament to the diversity and beauty of the natural world.

What makes 'Yuan' particularly appealing to gardeners, both novice and seasoned, is its adaptability to a wide range of habitats. Whether nestled in a bustling urban setting or sprawling out in a spacious countryside, this Clematis variety finds its footing with relative ease. Its growth habit is that of a climber, and given the right support, it can ascend trellises, fences, and other structures, adding vertical beauty to gardens.

Moreover, while many plants can be demanding in terms of care, Clematis 'Yuan' is notably undemanding. Regular watering, occasional pruning, and a watchful eye for pests will mostly suffice to ensure its thriving presence. In essence, Clematis Boulevard 'Yuan' encapsulates the harmonious blend of simplicity in care and complexity in beauty, making it a cherished addition to any green space.

Clematis cartmanii 'Avalanche' is a stunning evergreen climber that brings a fresh and vibrant touch to gardens and outdoor spaces. When trained on a cane, this compact and low-maintenance plant creates a captivating vertical display with its finely cut, lush green foliage that remains attractive throughout the year. In early spring, 'Avalanche' lives up to its name by producing an abundance of fragrant, pure white, star-shaped flowers that cascade beautifully over supports. Ideal for canes, trellises, or small garden structures, this clematis thrives in well-drained soil and enjoys a sunny to partially shaded position. Its vigorous yet controlled growth, coupled with the delicate beauty of its blooms, makes 'Avalanche' a perfect choice for adding elegance and fragrance to patios, borders, and garden features.

Clematis cartmanii 'White Abundance' is a delightful evergreen climber that offers a stunning display of delicate beauty to any garden or outdoor space. When trained on a cane, this compact climber creates a charming vertical feature, showcasing its finely cut, lush green foliage that remains vibrant year-round. In early spring, 'White Abundance' lives up to its name by producing a profusion of small, pristine white, star-shaped flowers. These blooms form a breathtaking carpet of white, adding lightness and elegance to patios, garden borders, or containers. Ideal for canes, trellises, and small structures, this clematis thrives in well-drained soil and enjoys a sunny to partially shaded location. With its low-maintenance nature, it is perfect for creating a fresh and captivating garden display.