By Shape - Bushy

Our spruce has been grown in a pot from seed right here at the Arundel Arboretum. 

Picea abies, commonly known as the Norway spruce, is a prominent coniferous tree native to Northern, Central, and Eastern Europe. Recognisable by its tall, symmetrical shape and dense, evergreen foliage, it often reaches heights of 35–55 metres, with some specimens growing even taller under optimal conditions. The Norway spruce is widely planted in Europe and North America, not only for ornamental and landscaping purposes but also for timber production, given its straight grain and versatility. Its wood, known as "whitewood," is prized in the construction industry and is also used in the manufacture of paper and musical instruments.

The tree's bark is brown to reddish and scaly, becoming rougher as it ages. Its branches grow in horizontal layers, with pendulous branchlets giving the tree a slightly weeping appearance. Needles are dark green, pointed, and around 1–2 cm in length. Cones are one of its defining features, typically measuring 10–18 cm, with a cylindrical shape and rounded, overlapping scales that turn brown as they mature.

Picea abies is hardy, thriving in a range of climates and soil types, though it prefers well-drained, acidic soils and benefits from full sun. In colder climates, it is often cultivated as a Christmas tree due to its classic conical form and appealing fragrance. However, it requires ample space for its expansive root system, making it unsuitable for small gardens.

Ecologically, the Norway spruce plays an essential role in forest ecosystems, providing habitat and food for various wildlife species. 

Acer palmatum 'Ijoshi' is a distinctive cultivar of the Japanese maple, prized for its elegant structure and unique seasonal colour changes. This small deciduous tree or large shrub is native to Japan, Korea, and parts of China, but is widely cultivated in temperate gardens across the UK due to its ornamental appeal and manageable size.

The 'Ijoshi' variety is particularly notable for its deeply divided, palmate leaves that emerge in spring with a soft, almost creamy-yellow hue. As the season progresses, the foliage transforms to shades of green with pinkish margins, eventually deepening into warm oranges and reds during the autumn months. This striking colour transition makes it a favourite among gardeners seeking year-round interest.

Growing typically to a height and spread of around 2 to 4 metres over ten years, Acer palmatum 'Ijoshi' is well-suited to smaller gardens, containers, or as a feature in Japanese-inspired landscapes. Its graceful, layered branching habit adds architectural interest, even during the winter when the tree is bare.

This cultivar prefers a sheltered position with dappled shade, protected from harsh winds and excessive sun, which can scorch the delicate leaves. Moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soils are ideal for healthy growth. Minimal pruning is required, though shaping in late summer can help maintain its form.

Acer palmatum 'Ijoshi' is a low-maintenance yet striking ornamental tree that rewards with changing beauty throughout the seasons. It is especially appreciated for its subtle spring tones and fiery autumn display, bringing both serenity and vibrancy to garden spaces. In the UK climate, it performs reliably given the right conditions, making it a valuable choice for discerning gardeners.

Pinus monticola 'Ammerland' is a cultivar of the western white pine, a large evergreen tree native to the western United States. 'Ammerland' is a slow-growing, narrow, upright cultivar that is highly valued for its ornamental qualities. The tree typically reaches a height of 10-12 feet and a spread of 4-5 feet at maturity.

One of the most striking features of this cultivar is its foliage. The needles are long, slender, and bluish-green in color, giving the tree a soft, wispy appearance. The needles are arranged in bundles of five, and the overall effect is a dense, feathery texture. The bark of the 'Ammerland' cultivar is also attractive, with a grayish-brown color that is smooth and relatively free of knots or other blemishes.

'Ammerland' is a hardy cultivar that is well-suited to a variety of growing conditions. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil, but can also tolerate partial shade and some moisture. The tree is also resistant to many common pests and diseases, making it a relatively low-maintenance option for landscapers and homeowners.

In addition to its ornamental qualities, 'Ammerland' is also prized for its lumber. The western white pine is known for its straight, fine-grained wood, which is used for a variety of applications, including furniture, flooring, and paneling. While 'Ammerland' may not be as productive as other cultivars in terms of lumber yield, its slow growth and narrow form make it an attractive option for timber harvesting.

Overall, Pinus monticola 'Ammerland' is a beautiful and versatile cultivar that is well-suited to a variety of landscapes and growing conditions. Whether used as a specimen tree or for its valuable lumber, this cultivar is sure to make a striking and valuable addition to any outdoor space.

Acer palmatum 'Inaba-Shidare' is a vigorous, slow-growing deciduous shrub with a pendulous, weeping habit. Feathery, deeply dissected, lobed, dark purple leaves, become crimson red in autumn. Its inconspicuous, purple-red flowers bloom in April and May and are followed by winged nuts. It can grow in every soil type, except chalk. Thrives best in moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soils. Although it prefers partial shade, it tolerates full sun very well. If planted on dry locations, the foliage colour may be less intense. Easy to care for. It requires very little pruning. Lack of soil moisture or excessive exposure can cause leaf scorch. Acer palmatum 'Inaba-Shidare' is perfect as a focal point in a small garden. It looks stunning when planted by the pond because of the waterfall effect of its pendulous habit. It is also easily grown in containers and suitable for roof gardens or patio gardens.

Acer palmatum dissectum, commonly known as the lace leaf Japanese maple, is a popular ornamental tree renowned for its intricate, finely divided foliage. This deciduous shrub or small tree is part of the Aceraceae family and originates from Japan, Korea, and China. It typically grows to a height of 2 to 3 meters (6 to 10 feet) with a similar spread, making it a perfect choice for small gardens and container planting.

The leaves of Acer palmatum dissectum are deeply lobed and serrated, resembling delicate lace. Throughout the seasons, the foliage transitions from a vibrant green in spring and summer to spectacular shades of red, orange, and purple in autumn, providing year-round interest. The tree's cascading, weeping habit adds an elegant and graceful element to any landscape design.

Acer palmatum dissectum prefers a position in partial shade with well-drained, moist soil. It is relatively low-maintenance, requiring minimal pruning to maintain its shape. This tree is also known for its resilience to pests and diseases. Its compact size and striking appearance make it an excellent choice for adding structure and colour to garden borders, patios, and rockeries in British gardens.

Pinus parviflora 'Bonnie Bergman' is an exquisite dwarf cultivar of the Japanese white pine, cherished for its striking blue-green needles and notably compact, dense form. This slow-growing conifer achieves a conical to rounded silhouette, making it a stellar choice for adding structure and year-round color to small gardens or landscapes. Over time, it matures to a modest ultimate height of approximately 5 to 6 feet, with a similar spread, making it ideal for small spaces or as a foundational element in rock gardens.

Commonly used as a specimen plant, 'Bonnie Bergman' shines in mixed conifer arrangements or as a solitary highlight. It thrives best in full sun to partial shade, preferring well-drained, acidic soil conditions. This pine is quite adaptable but performs optimally with consistent moisture and protection from extreme winds. Its resilience and unique form also make it a favorite among bonsai enthusiasts.

Taxus x Media 'Hillii' is a cultivar of the Taxus x Media hybrid, which is a cross between Taxus baccata (English yew) and Taxus cuspidata (Japanese yew). It is a popular evergreen shrub in the horticultural industry, prized for its dense, upright growth habit and attractive appearance.

One of the defining characteristics of 'Hillii' is its dense, dark green foliage. The needle-like leaves are arranged in a spiral pattern along the branches, creating a lush and vibrant display. The foliage retains its color throughout the year, making it an excellent choice for providing year-round interest in the garden.

This cultivar is known for its compact and upright growth habit. It typically reaches a height of 6 to 10 feet (1.8 to 3 meters) and a spread of 4 to 6 feet (1.2 to 1.8 meters), forming a narrow columnar shape. The dense branching pattern contributes to its neat and formal appearance, making it an ideal choice for hedges, screens, or borders.

In addition to its ornamental value, Taxus x Media 'Hillii' also produces small, round berries. These berries start out green and eventually mature to a striking red color, adding a pop of color to the shrub. However, it's important to note that the berries are toxic if ingested, so caution should be exercised if there are children or pets in the vicinity.

One of the advantages of 'Hillii' is its versatility in various growing conditions. It can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including clay, loam, and sandy soils, as long as they are well-drained. It thrives in full sun to partial shade, although it prefers some protection from intense afternoon sun in hot climates. Once established, 'Hillii' is relatively low-maintenance and can withstand pruning to maintain its desired size and shape.

Overall, Taxus x Media 'Hillii' is a popular choice for those seeking an attractive, compact, and easy-to-grow evergreen shrub. Its dense, dark green foliage, upright growth habit, and small red berries make it a versatile and visually appealing addition to gardens, providing year-round interest and beauty.

Pinus mugo 'Jacobsen', also known as Jacobsen Dwarf Pine, is a compact, slow-growing evergreen conifer that belongs to the Pinaceae family. This cultivar was first discovered by the Danish nurseryman, Mogens H. Jacobsen in the 1960s.

The Jacobsen Dwarf Pine is a small shrub or tree that typically reaches a height of 2-3 feet and a width of 3-5 feet when fully mature. It has a dense and bushy habit, with short and twisted needles that are arranged in pairs on the stems. The needles are dark green in color and measure about 1 inch in length.

This cultivar is known for its interesting bark, which is reddish-brown and develops shallow grooves as it ages. It also produces small, oval-shaped cones that are about 1 inch long and have a light brown color.

Jacobsen Dwarf Pine is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions, including poor, sandy, and acidic soils. It prefers full sun to partial shade and is generally drought-tolerant once established.

Because of its small size and slow growth rate, Jacobsen Dwarf Pine is an excellent choice for small gardens, rock gardens, and container plantings. It can also be used as a low-maintenance groundcover or as an accent plant in a mixed border.

In summary, Pinus mugo 'Jacobsen' is a compact and attractive evergreen conifer with twisted needles, interesting bark, and small cones. It is a hardy and versatile plant that can be used in a variety of garden settings and is particularly well-suited for small gardens and containers.